بررسی اثربخشی برنامۀ توانبخشی مبتنی بر کارکردهای اجرایی بر سرعت پردازش و توجه کودکان مبتلا به طیف اتیسم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشکده روانشناسی و علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر بررسی اثربخشی برنامۀ توانبخشی مبتنی بر کارکردهای اجرایی بر سرعت پردازش و توجه کودکان اتیسم بود. این پژوهش از نوع شبه‌آزمایشی با طرح پیش‌آزمون، پس‌آزمون با گروه کنترل و دورۀ پیگیری بود. جامعۀ آماری شامل کودکان دبستانی مبتلا به اتیسم در سال تحصیلی 1401-1402 در شهر تهران بودند. با استفاده از نمونه‌گیری هدفمند 20 کودک انتخاب و به صورت تصادفی در دو گروه کنترل و آزمایش گمارش شدند. گروه آزمایش 20 جلسه مداخله، 30 دقیقه و 2 بار در هفته را دریافت و گروه کنترل مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. آزمون بررسی یکپارچگی عملکرد دیداری – شنیداری برای جمع‌آوری داده‌ها در سه مرحله استفاده شد (قبل، بعد و دو ماه بعد از اجرای برنامه توانبخشی شناختی). تجزیه و تحلیل داده‌ها با روش اندازه‌گیری مکرر انجام شد. نتیجه نشان داد که برنامۀ توانبخشی شناختی مبتنی بر کارکردهای اجرایی بر سرعت پردازش و توجه کودکان اتیسم تاثیر داشته است. براساس این یافته برنامۀ توانبخشی شناختی مذکور باعث افزایش سرعت پردازش و بهبود توجه کودکان اتیسم شده است. بنابراین پیشنهاد می‌شود که از این برنامه برای تقویت و ارتقا کارکردهای اجرایی و بهبود عملکرد تحصیلی کودکان اتیسم استفاده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Effectiveness of the Rehabilitation Program Based on Executive Functions on Processing Speed and Attention of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

نویسندگان [English]

  • Elham Shafiee 1
  • Ali Akbar Arjmandnia 2
  • Sogand Ghasemzadeh 2
  • Saeed Hasanzadeh 2
  • Masuoud Gholamali Lavasani 2
1 Ph.D Student in Psychology and Education of Exceptional Children, Faculty of Psychology and Educational, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effectiveness of the rehabilitation program on processing speed and attention of children with autism spectrum disorder. This research was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test, control group and follow-up design. The statistical population included all autistic students in the academic year 2022-2023 in Tehran. A sample of 20 students were selected by purposive sampling and randomly divided into control and experimental groups. The experimental group received 20 sessions of 30 mins cognitive rehabilitation intervention, twice per week while the control group did not receive any intervention. Integrated Visual and Auditory Continues Performance was used to collect data in three stages (before, after and two months later after the implementation of the cognitive rehabilitation program). The data analyses were done by repeated measurement test. The result showed that the cognitive rehabilitation program had effect on the processing speed and attention of students with autism spectrum disorder. Based on this finding, it is suggested that this program can be used to strengthen and improve executive functions of children with autism spectrum.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Attention
  • autism spectrum disorder
  • cognitive rehabilitation
  • processing speed

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