اثربخشی رویکرد مؤلفه‌های پنجگانه بر مشکلات رفتاری نوجوانان دارای اختلال طیف اوتیسم: پژوهش مورد منفرد

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار دانشگاه تهران

2 دانشجوی دکتری دانشگاه تهران رشته روان‌شناسی کودکان استثنایی

چکیده

چکیده
هدف: پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثربخشی رویکرد مؤلفه‌های پنجگانه بر مشکلات رفتاری نوجوانان دارای اختلال طیف اوتیسم انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش: روش پژوهش حاضر از نوع مورد منفرد با طرح A-B است. جامعه آماری پژوهش شامل کلیه نوجوانان دارای اختلال طیف اوتیسم در شهر اصفهان بودند. نمونه پژوهش 3 نوجوان دارای اختلال طیف اوتیسم بودند که به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند انتخاب شدند. ابزار پژوهش، مقیاس تشخیص اختلال طیف اوتیسم (ASDDS) و چک‌لیست سنجش مشکلات رفتاری نوجوانان دارای اوتیسم (AABPC) بود. بعد از پنج جلسه خط پایه، مداخله طی هشت هفته و در پایان نیز سه جلسه مرحله پیگیری اجرا شد. جهت تفسیر و نتیجه‌گیری از این نمودارها، از تحلیل دیداری، شاخص روند و شاخص ثبات، درصد داده‌های غیر همپوش (PND) و درصد داده‌های همپوش (POD) استفاده شد.
یافته‌ها: طی تحلیل دیداری نمودار داده‌ها، مداخله در هر سه آزمودنی اثربخش بوده است. درصد داده‌های غیر همپوش (PND) برای سه شرکت‌کننده به ترتیب برابر با 5/87، 100 و 5/87 بود.
نتیجه‌گیری: نتایج این پژوهش رویکرد مؤلفه‌های پنجگانه، مشکلات رفتاری نوجوانان دارای اختلال طیف اوتیسم را به میزان قابل‌توجهی کاهش می‌دهد. بر اساس، می‌توان در کنار سایر روش‌های آموزشی و توان‌بخشی نوجوانان دارای اختلال طیف اوتیسم، رویکرد مؤلفه‌های پنجگانه نیز به کار برده شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effectiveness of the Five Component Approach (p5) on Behavioral Problems of Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Single-Subject research

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Akbar Arjmandnia 1
  • nayereh naghdi 2
1 Tehran university; Associate Professor, University of Tehran
2 consultant
چکیده [English]

Abstract
Aim: the present study aims at investigating the effectiveness of five components approach (p5) on behavioral problems of adolescents with autism spectrum disorder.
Materials and method: the present study employs an AB single-subject design. The population consists of all adolescents with ASD in the City of Isfahan. The sample size consists of 3 adolescents with ASD selected via the purposive sampling method. The research instruments are the Autism Spectrum Disorder Diagnosis Scale (ASDDS) and the Assessment of Behavioral Problems in Adolescents with Autism Checklist (AABPC). After five baseline sessions, intervention was conducted during eight weeks. Finally, three follow-up sessions were conducted as well. To interpret and make conclusions, charts, visual analyses, the trend index and stability index, Percentage of Non-Overlapping Data (PND), and Percentage of Overlapping Data (PND) were used.
Findings: after visual analyses of data charts, it was identified that the intervention was effective on the three subjects. The PND for the three subjects were 87.5, 100, and 87.5.
Conclusion: the results indicated that the five component approach (p5) reduces significantly the behavioral problems of adolescents with ASD. Therefore, besides other training and rehabilitation methods for adolescents with ASD, the p5 can be employed.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Keywords: behavioral problems
  • ASD
  • five component approach

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