تصمیم گیری و توجه اختصاصی در اختلالات افسردگی اساسی و اضطراب فراگیر

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای دانشگاه الزهراء(س)

2 استاد دانشگاه الزهراء(س)

چکیده

این مطالعه با هدف بررسی تفاوتهای تصمیم گیری و توجه اختصاصی در افراد مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی اساسی و اضطراب فراگیر انجام شد. گروه نمونه عبارت از 100 نفر بودند که 50 نفر در گروه اختلال افسردگی اساسی و 50 نفر نیز در گروه اختلال اضطراب فراگیر قرار گرفتند. شرکت کنندگان از مراجعین بخش اعصاب و روان بیمارستانهای تهران و به صورت تصادفی انتخاب شدند. پژوهش به روش آزمایشی و در سه مرحله انجام شد. ابزارهای مورد استفاده جهت اندازه گیری افسردگی اساسی و اضطراب فراگیر، مصاحبه تشخیصی نیمه ساختار SCID و آزمون DASS-21و برای توجه اختصاصی و تصمیم گیری، نرم افزارN-Back بود (خدادادی، مشهدی و امانی، 2014). نتایج تحلیل واریانس یک راهه برای مقایسه میانگین های توجه اختصاصی ، 0 و 97/3 و 52/2 و تصمیم گیری 43/2 و 24/38 و 74/28 بود. یافته ها نشان دادند که افراد مبتلا به اختلال افسردگی اساسی در جستجوی نشانه و توجه بر روی آن ضعف دارند در حالیکه در تصمیم گیری برای تثبیت نشانه از سرعت بالایی برخوردار می باشند. برعکس، افراد مبتلا به اختلال اضطراب فراگیر در جستجوی نشانه و توجه بر روی آن، همانند افسرده ها عمل می نمایند اما در تصمیم گیری برای تثبیت نشانه تعلل معنی داری دارند. ضعف در توجه اختصاصی در هر دو اختلال مشابه است اما سرعت بالا در تصمیم گیری، عامل شناختی حاکم بر اختلال افسردگی اساسی می باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Decision making and Special Attention in Major Depressive and Generalized Anxiety Disorders

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghazal Zandkarimi 1
  • Seyedeh Monavar Yazdi 2
  • Zohre Khosravi 2
1 Al-Zahra University
2
چکیده [English]

This study aimed to investigate the differences of decision making and special attention between major depressive disorder (MDD) and generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) patients. The sample size was 100 of patients that 50 of them were selected for MDD group as well as 50 for GAD group. Participants were selected randomly among the clients of psychiatric hospitals. This study was experimental and was conducted in three phase. The SCID semi-structural inventory of diagnosis and DASS-21 scale were applied for measuring MDD and GAD. The N-Back software test was applied for measuring the special attention and decision making (Khodadadi, Mashhadi & Amani, 2014). Results of one way ANOVA to compare the mean of decision making were 0, 3.97 & 2.52 as well as for special attention 2.43, 38.24 & 28.74. These findings showed that the MDD patients are weak in searching and focusing the cue whereas they are quick when deciding whether to stabilize the cue. In contrast, the GAD patients are same as the MDD patients in focusing and searching the cue while they significantly hesitate when deciding to stabilize it. Special attention is same in both disorders but high speed in decision making is the cognitive factor ruling the major depressive disorder.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Decision Making
  • executive functions
  • generalized anxiety disorder
  • major depressive disorder
  • special attention

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مطالعات روان‌شناختی
دوره 12، شماره 1
خرداد 1395
صفحه 47-64

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