The Role of Self-efficacy in Predicting High-risk Based on Identity Styles and Parental Monitoring in Adolescents

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Associate Professor, Departement of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran

2 M.A. in General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, Ardakan University, Yazd, Ardakan, Iran

3 Associate Professor, Department of Counseling, Faculty of Humanities and Social Science Ardakan University, Yazd, Ardakan, Iran

4 M.A. Student in General Psychology, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Humanities and Social Science, Ardakan University, Yazd, Ardakan, Iran

Abstract

Adolescence is one of the most critical periods of life. The most behavioral inconsistencies, including the tendency to risky behaviors, appear in this period. This research aimed at predicting high-risk behaviors based on identity styles and parental monitoring in adolescents with the role of self-efficacy as a mediator. The research design was descriptive-correlational. The population included all secondary school students of Kohpayeh city in the academic year of 2022. By multi-stage cluster random sampling, 260 people were selected as a sample. The research tools were risk-taking scales for Iranian teenagers, Brozensky's identity styles, Singer's parental monitoring and Sherer's general self-efficacy. Statistical analysis of the data was done by Pearson correlation method and path analysis. The results of path analysis showed that normative identity style, parental monitoring and self-efficacy had direct effects on high-risk behaviors. The results of the bootstrap test showed that the self-efficacy variable played a mediating role in the relationship between parental monitoring of identity style and risky behaviors. As a result, it is recommended to plan relevant institutions and educate parents, considering the important role of parental monitoring, self-efficacy level and adolescent's identity style in the occurrence of high-risk behaviors.

Keywords

Main Subjects

References

احمدی، خدابخش و خدادادی سنگده، جواد (1394). بررسی وضعیت نظارت والدین بر نوجوانان در خانواده­های نظامی. مجله علوم   مراقبتی نظامی، 2(3): 127-133. http://dx.doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.mcs.2.3.127
اصغری ، فرهاد، صادقی، عباس، قاسمی جوبنه، رضا و درگاهی، شهریار (1394). نقش نظارت والدینی و خودکارآمدی در هم نشینی با همسالان بزهکار و رفتارهای پرخطر دانش آموزان دبیرستانی. پژوهش نامه حقوق کیفری، 6(2): 33-48.
SID. https://sid.ir/paper/246730/fa
اصـغرنژاد، طاهره، احمدی، محمد، فرزاد، ولی اله و خداپناهی، محمدکریم (1385). مطالعه ویژگی­های روانسـنجی مقیاس خودکارآمدی عمومی شرر. مجله روانشناسی، 10(3): 262-274.
بهمنی, پارسا, مکوندی, بهنام و جوهری فرد, رضا (1400). مدل ساختاری رفتارهای پرخطر بر اساس سبک های پردازش هویت با میانجیگری فرسودگی تحصیلی در نوجوانان متوسطه دوم. فصلنامه علمی روشها و مدلهای روانشناختی. 12(44): 91-104. DOI: 10.30495/jpmm.2021.27901.3380
حجازی، الهه و برجعلی لو، سمیه (1388). تفکر انتقادی، سبک­های هویت و تعهد هویت در نوجوانان: ارائه یک الگو علّی. روانشناسی معاصر، 4 (2)، 3-15.
حیدری، مهرنوش، محب، نعیمه، واحدی، شهرام و علیوندیوف، مرضیه (1401). بررسی مدل ساختاری رابطه بین کنترل روانشناختی والدین و خودکارآمدی عمومی با رفتارهای پر خطر نوجوانان با میانجی گری خود نظم­جویی هیجانی. مجله علوم روان شناختی، 21(115) :۱۴۸۴-۱۴۶۳. DOI:10.52547/JPS.21.115.1463
پندار، زینب، آزاد، اسفندیار و سهرابی، فرامرز (1402). تدوین مدل مسئولیت پذیری شخصی بر اساس الگوی ارتباطی خانواده در نوجوانان با نقش واسطه ای سبکهای هویتی. رویش روان شناسی، 12(2): 63-72. http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.2383353.1402.12.2.6.2
قربانی، علیرضا و یازرلو، سمانه (2021). مدل یابی معادلات ساختاری سبک‌های هویت‌یابی و خودکارآمدی با نگرش به بزهکاری در دانش‌آموزان. جامعه شناسی آموزش و پرورش, 7(1): 1-14. DOI: 10.22034/ijes.2021.244678
گراوند (2023). مدل‌یابی ساختاری سبک‌های هویت با گرایش به رفتارهای پرخطر در دانشجویان: نقش واسطه‌ای ناگویی هیجانی. فصلنامه علمی اعتیادپژوهی, 16(66): 113-144.‎ DOI.org/10.52547/etiadpajohi.16.66.113
محمدی زاده، علی، احمدآبادی، زهره و حیدری، محمود (1390). تدوین و بررسی ویژگی‌های روان سنجی مقیاس خطرپذیری نوجوانان ایرانی. مجلة روانپزشکی و روانشناسی بالینی ایران، 17(3): 218-225. URL: http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1417-fa.html
نظری، علی محمد؛ امینی منش، سجاد و شاهینی، علی. (1391). نظارت والدین و همنشینی با همسالان بزهکار در نوجوانان پسر بزهکار و بهنجار. فصلنامه علمی پژوهشی، پژوهش در سلامت روان شناختی، 6(4): 60-68. http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.20080166.1391.6.4.6.9
هزاریان، صفی اله، بختیار پور، سعید، پاشا، رضا، عسگری، پرویز و حافظی، فریبا (1400). رابطه بین عملکرد خانواده و نگرش به مواد مخدر با میانجی گری سازگاری اجتماعی در دانش آموزان. فصلنامه علمی اعتیاد پژوهی، 15(59): 139-156. http://dx.doi.org/10.52547/etiadpajohi.15.59.139
هومن، حیدرعلی (1392). شناخت روش علمی در علوم رفتاری. چاپ هشتم. تهران، ایران: سمت.
Adams, G. R., Munro, B., Munro, G., Doherty-Poirer, M., & Edwards, J. (2005). Identity processing styles and Canadian adolescents' self-reported delinquency. Identity, 5(1), 57-65. https://doi.org/10.1207/s1532706xid0501_4
Ahmadi K, khodadad sakgdehi J. (2015). Parental monitoring among adolescents of military families. MCS; 2 (3) :127-133. http://dx.doi.org/10.18869/acadpub.mcs.2.3.127. (Text in Persian)
Asghari, F., Sadeghi, A., Ghasemi Jobaneh, R., & Dargahi, Sh. (2015). Role of parental monitoring and self-efficacy in affiliation with delinquents’ peers and high risky behaviors of high school students. A Biannual Journal Criminal Law Research, 6(2):33-48. SID. https://sid.ir/paper/246730/fa. (Text in Persian)
Asgharnejad, T., Ahmadi, M., Farzad, V. & Khodapanahi, M. K. (2006). A study of the psychometric properties of scherer's general self-efficacy scale. Journal of Psychology, 10(3): 262-274. (Text in Persian)
Bahmani, P., Makvandi, B., & Joharifard, R. (2021). A causal model to explain high risk behaviors in high school students based on identity processing styles with mediation of school burnout. Quarterly Journal of Psychological Methods and Models, 12(44): 91-104.
doi: 10.30495/jpmm.2021.27901.3380. (Text in Persian)
Bandura, A. (1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a unifying theory of behavioral change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191–215. https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-295X.84.2.191.
Bandura, A. (2006). Guide for constructing self-efficacy scales. Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents, 5(1), 307-337.
Berzonsky, M. D., & Papini, D. R. (2022). Cross-lagged associations between cognitive dispositions, identity processing styles, and identity commitments. Self and Identity, 21(8), 963-979. https://doi.org/10.1080/15298868.2021.2013309
Berzonsky, M. D., & Kinney, A. (2019). Identity processing style and depression: The mediational role of experiential avoidance and self-regulation. Identity, 19(2), 83 -97. URL:https://doi.org/10.1080/15283488.2019.1567341
Berzonsky, M. D., Cieciuch, J., Duriez, B., & Soenens, B. (2011). The how and what of identity formation: Associations between identity styles and value orientations. Personality and Individual Differences, 50(2), 295-299.‏ https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2010.10.007.
Berzonsky, M. D., & Kuk, L. S. (2005). Identity style, psychosocial maturity, and academic
performance. Personality and Individual Differences, 39(1), 235-247.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.paid.2005.01.010
Berzonsky, M. D., & Kuk, L. S. (2000). Identity status, identity processing style, and the transition to university. Journal of Adolescent Research, 15(1), 81-98. https://doi.org/10.1177/0743558400151005.
Berzonsky, M. D. (1992). Identity style and coping strategies. Journal of Personality, 60(4), 771-788. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1992.tb00273.x.
Czyżowska N. (2022). Identity processing style and meaning in life among emerging adults: mediational role of commitment. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 19(11),6585. URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19116585
Gabriel, E. T., Oberger, R., Schmoeger, M., Deckert, M., Vockh, S., Auff, E., & Willinger, U. (2021). Cognitive and affective theory of mind in adolescence: Developmental aspects and associated neuropsychological variables. Psychological Research, 85(2), 533 -553. URL:https://doi.org/10.1007/s00426 -019 -01263 - 6
Ghorbani, A., & Yazrloo, S. (2021). Structural equation modeling identity styles and self-efficacy with the attitude to crime in students. Scientific Quarterly Journal of Sociology of Education, 14(1):1-14. URL:https://doi.org/10.22034/ijes.2021.244678. (Text in Persian)
Garavand H (2023). Structural modeling of identity styles with tendency to high-risk behaviors in students: The mediating role of alexithymia. Etiadpajohi: 16 (66) :113-144
URL: http://etiadpajohi.ir/article-1-2711-fa.html. (Text in Persian)
Heidari M, Moheb N, vahedi S, Alivandi Vafa M. (2022). Investigate the structural model of the relationship between parental psychological control and general self-efficacy with adolescents' high-risk behaviors mediated by emotional self-regulation. Journal of Psychological Science. 21(115), 1463-1484. doi:10.52547/JPS.21.115.1463
URL: http://psychologicalscience.ir/article-1-1512-fa.html .(Text in Persian)
Hirschi, Travis and Michael R. Gottfredson. (1990). A general theory of crime. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Hezarian, S., Bakhtiarpour, S., Pasha, R., Asgari, P., & Hafezi F. (2021). The relationship between family function and drug attitude by mediating role of social adjustment among students. . ScientificQuarterly of Research on Addiction,15 (59):139-156.URL: http://etiadpajohi.ir/article-1-2430-fa.html. (Text in Persian)
Hubach, R. D., O’Neil, A., Stowe, M., Giano, Z., Curtis, B., & Fisher, C. B. (2021). Perceived confidentiality risks of mobile technology-based ecologic momentary assessment to assess high-risk behaviors among rural men who have sex with men. Archives of sexual behavior, 50, 1641-1650. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10508-019-01612-x.
Irwin Jr, C. E., & Millstein, S. G. (1986). Biopsychosocial correlates of risk-taking behaviors during adolescence: Can the physician intervene? Journal of Adolescent Health Care, 7(6), S82-S96. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0197-0070(20)30008-5
Scruggs, X., & Schrodt, P. (2021). The frequency and comfort of political conversations with parents as mediators of family communication patterns and relational quality in parent –child relationships. Journal of Family Communication, 21(1), 17 -33. URL:https://doi.org/10.1080/15267431.2020.1860053
Sehat A, Aminimanesh, S. (2020). Predicting high-risk behaviors in female adolescents based on psychological motivations. Caspian Journal of Pediatrics, 6(2); 442-8 http://dx.doi.org/10.22088/CJP.BUMS.6.2.442. (Text in Persian)
Sherer, M., Maddux, J. E., Mercandante, B., Prentice-Dunn, S., Jacobs, B., & Rogers, R. W. (1982). The self-efficacy scale: Construction and validation. Psychological Reports, 51(2), 663-671.‏
https://doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1982.51.2.663
Singer, M. I., Flannery, D. J., Guo, S., Miller, D., Leibbrandt, S. (2004). Exposure to violence, parental monitoring, and television viewing as contributors to children’s psychological trauma. Journal of Community Psychology, 32, 489–504. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcop.20015
Pendar, Z., Azad, E., & Sohrabi F. (2023). Designing a model of personal responsibility based on the family communication pattern in with the mediating role of identity styles. Journal of Rooyesh-e-Ravanshenasi, 12 (2) 63-72. http://dorl.net/dor/20.1001.1.2383353.1402.12.2.6. (Text in Persian)
Mauer, V. A., Waterman, E. A., Edwards, K. M., & Banyard, V. L. (2022). Adolescents’ relationships with important adults: Exploring this novel protective factor against interpersonal violence victimization and perpetration. Journal of interpersonal violence, 37(19-20), NP19176-NP19187. https://doi.org/10.1177/08862605211031252
Mehdipour, S., Forughian, Z., Flahati, F., & Nadian, K. (2017). Parental communication patterns predicting adolescent identity styles. Contemporary Psychology, 6(12):168-1685.
URL: https://civilica.com/doc/732471/.(Text in Persian)
Mehrabi Koushki, R., Emamjomehzadeh, S. J., Massodnia, H., & Rabani, A. (2016). Investigating the role of identity styles in explaining national identity (case study: students of the University of Isfahan). Journal of Applied Sociology, 27(2), 43-60 https://doi.org/10.22108/jas.2016.20490. (Text in Persian)
Miranda, V. P., Amorim, P. R. S., Bastos, R. R., Souza, V. G., Faria, E. R., Franceschini, S. C., Teixeira, P. C., Morais, N. de S. de, & Priore, S. E. (2021). Body image disorders associated with lifestyle and body composition of female adolescents. Public Health Nutrition, 24(1), 95–105.URL: https://doi.org/10.1017/S1368980019004786
Mohammadi, A. Z., Ahmadabadi, Z., & Heidari, M. (2011). Construction and assessment of psychometric features of Iranian adolescents’ risk-taking scale. Iranian Journal of Psychiatry and Clinical Psychology, 17(3):218-225. URL: http://ijpcp.iums.ac.ir/article-1-1417-fa.html. (Text in Persian)
Meyers, L. S., Gamst, G., & Guarino, A. J. (2016). Applied multivariate research: Design and interpretation. Sage publications.
Nazari A M, Aminimanesh S, Shahini A. (2013). family structure, parental monitoring and affiliation with delinquent peers among male delinquent and non-delinquent adolescents. Quarterly Journal of Research in Psychological Health; 6 (4) :60-68. URL: http://rph.khu.ac.ir/article-1-1535-en.html
Flanagan, lndia M. L., Auty, Katherine M., & Farrington, David P. (2019). Parental supervision and later offending: A systematic review of longitudinal studies. Aggressions and Violent Behavior, 47, 215-229. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2019.06.003.
White, J. M., Wampler, R. S., & Winn, K. I. (1998). The identity style inventory: A revision with a sixth-grade reading level (ISI-6G). Journal of Adolescent Research, 13(2), 223-245.‏
Journal of Psychological Studies
Volume 19, Issue 4 - Serial Number 73
February 2024
Pages 117-132

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics